Tag Archive for: Bioethics

International Bioethics and Humanities Conference (IBHC) 2024 Highlights: Bioethics at the Crossroads of Humanity, Technology, and Environmental Sustainability

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The International Bioethics and Humanities Conference (IBHC) 2024 was successfully organized by the Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities (CBMH), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing (FK-KMK) Universitas Gadjah Mada, as part of its role as a UNESCO Chair on Bioethics, in collaboration with the Master’s Program in Bioethics, Universitas Gadjah Mada. The conference brought together global scholars, practitioners, and policymakers to explore the evolving role of bioethics in preserving humanity amid environmental crises and rapid technological advancement.

Held at The Alana Hotel Yogyakarta, this multidisciplinary forum provided a space for critical dialogue at the intersection of bioethics, technology, health, and environmental sustainability.

The conference was officially opened by Prof. dr. Ova Emilia, M.Med.Ed., Sp.OG(K)., Ph.D, Rector of Universitas Gadjah Mada, who symbolically struck the gong to mark the commencement of IBHC 2024. The opening ceremony was followed by a photo session reflecting the collective commitment of participants and speakers to advancing bioethics and humanities for a more sustainable and humane future.

Throughout the conference, symposium sessions addressed a wide range of pressing bioethical issues. Key discussions included biobanking ethics in Southeast Asia, focusing on informed consent, data privacy, and equitable data governance to support responsible health innovation. Sessions on bioethics education emphasized the integration of ethics into higher education through interactive and reflective learning approaches to nurture ethical leadership.

The theme of precision medicine explored ethical challenges related to genomic data protection, dynamic consent models, and equitable access to advanced medical technologies. Meanwhile, healthcare ethics sessions examined dilemmas in palliative care, rare diseases, and culturally sensitive medical decision-making. Additional topics included ethical research practices, the integration of traditional medicine, and the role of local wisdom in environmental sustainability through eco-village development and natural dye revitalization.

Plenary discussions featured distinguished speakers, including Dicky Sofjan, Ph.D., Ir. Laretna T. Adishakti, M.Arch., and Prof. Dr. Ir. Edia Rahayuningsih, MS., IPu., who offered critical perspectives on the intersections of bioethics, culture, technology, and sustainability.

In addition to the symposiums, IBHC 2024 hosted oral and poster presentation competitions on November 7, attracting participants from various academic and professional institutions. Presentations were evaluated by expert judges based on thematic relevance, ethical depth, and methodological rigor. The top three winners from both categories were announced during the closing session.

Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—particularly SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions)—IBHC 2024 reaffirmed the importance of bioethics as a foundational framework for inclusive, just, and sustainable responses to global challenges. Through interdisciplinary dialogue and international collaboration, the conference underscored bioethics as a key driver in preserving humanity in an increasingly complex and interconnected world.

Editor : Rafi

Strengthening Ethical Competence in Health Care Services (Part 1): HELP Course Batch 7 – 4th Series

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BIOETIKA HUMANIORA MEDICAL ETHICS

Yogyakarta, December 3, 2025 — The Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities (CBMH), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FK-KMK UGM), in collaboration with the Master’s Program in Bioethics UGM, successfully organized the Certified Courses on Bioethics for Health Professionals (HELP) Batch 7 – Fourth Series, themed “Bioethics in Health Care Services (Part 1).”

Conducted over six days, from 26 November to 3 December 2025, this training program was designed to strengthen the ethical competence of health professionals in responding to increasingly complex ethical dilemmas within Indonesia’s health care system.

The fourth series focused on ethical foundations, case analysis, and clinical dilemmas situated within Indonesia’s socio-cultural context. Through a comprehensive set of sessions, participants were introduced to various ethical frameworks applicable to complex clinical situations, including the four principles of bioethics, the four-box method, and casuistry-based approaches. The program opened with an orientation session led by the organizing committee, followed by an introductory lecture by dr. Nur Azid Mahardinata, M.Bio.Et, who emphasized the importance of shared expectations in the learning process.

Ethical Frameworks and Clinical Decision-Making

On the first day, Dr. CB Kusmaryanto, SCJ delivered a critical reflection on the four basic principles of bioethics and their limitations when applied to cases deeply influenced by cultural and religious values. The discussion was followed by a session led by dr. Nur Azid, who introduced multiple ethical frameworks, enabling participants to compare and select the most appropriate approaches based on specific clinical contexts.

The second day explored fundamental issues in the doctor–patient relationship. Dr. dr. Siswanto Sastrowitjoto, Sp.THT(K) guided participants in evaluating the validity of informed consent in complex situations, such as diminished decision-making capacity and strong family involvement. Interactive breakout-room case discussions enriched the session. Subsequently, dr. Nur Azid addressed challenges related to medical confidentiality in the era of digital health and telemedicine, including regulatory compliance and risk mitigation strategies.

Communication, Culture, and Ethical Sensitivity

The third day emphasized ethical skills and cultural sensitivity. Prof. Dra. Yayi Suryo Prabandari, M.Si., Ph.D discussed communication as an ethical practice and demonstrated empathetic delivery of bad news through role-playing simulations. This was followed by a session with Prof. Syafaatun Almirzanah, M.A., M.Th., Ph.D., D.Min, who highlighted the importance of cultural competence in clinical practice, particularly in integrating patients’ cultural values into medical decision-making without compromising professional standards.

Ethical Dilemmas Across the Life Cycle

On the fourth day, discussions focused on ethical dilemmas at the beginning of life. Dr. Agung Dewanto, Sp.OG(K), Ph.D guided participants through structured debates on assisted reproductive technologies, including IVF, surrogacy, and embryo selection. The session continued with Dr. Endah Rahmawati, Sp.OG, Ph.D, who explored ethical considerations in prenatal diagnosis and therapy, as well as counseling strategies when genetic abnormalities are identified.

The fifth day addressed ethical challenges in caring for vulnerable populations. Dr. dr. Nurnaningsih, Sp.A(K) examined the application of the best interest principle in medical decision-making for neonates and children, including vaccination and intensive care issues. This was followed by Dr. dr. Probosuseno, Sp.PD, K.Ger, SE, MM, who discussed ethical issues in geriatric care, particularly in distinguishing beneficial treatment from futile care and respecting patient autonomy amid declining decision-making capacity.

Legal Integration and Ethical Governance

The program concluded on 3 December 2025 with a session on the legal aspects of medical ethics, delivered by Dr. dr. Darwito, SH, Sp.B, Subsp.Onk(K). This session provided a comprehensive overview of legal protection for physicians and health institutions, clarifying distinctions between ethical violations, disciplinary actions, and malpractice, as well as emphasizing risk mitigation through proper medical documentation. The training concluded with a session on ethical organizations within health institutions, followed by a post-test and participant reflection to evaluate competency development.

This training reaffirmed CBMH UGM’s commitment to strengthening the capacity of Indonesian health professionals—not only in ethical knowledge, but also in cultural sensitivity, communication skills, and legal awareness. Through continuous professional education initiatives such as the HELP Course, CBMH UGM contributes to the advancement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), SDG 4 (Quality Education), and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), by promoting ethical, inclusive, and high-quality health care services.

Editor: Rafi

 

Upholding Ethics in Health and Medical Research: HELP Course Batch 7 – 3rd Series

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HELP COURSE BATCH 7 SERI 3 - BIOETIKA - ETIKA PENELITIAN

Yogyakarta, August 26, 2025 — Amid the rapid advancement of health and medical research, a fundamental question arises: how can research generate new knowledge while continuing to uphold human rights, dignity, and safety? This critical question formed the foundation of the HELP (Humanity–Ethics–Legal–Professionalism) Course Batch 7 – Third Series, which focused on the theme “Health and Medical Research.”

The HELP Course is a flagship educational program regularly organized by the Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities (CBMH), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FK-KMK UGM). The course is open to healthcare professionals from diverse backgrounds and aims to equip participants with both theoretical understanding and practical competencies in medical ethics and health humanities. Structured into six thematic series, the program is designed to be applicable not only in professional practice but also in the everyday ethical decision-making of healthcare professionals.

The third series was conducted online from 18–26 August 2025 and brought together participants from universities, hospitals, research institutions, and government agencies across Indonesia. The high level of participation reflected a growing awareness that high-quality research must go hand in hand with ethical integrity.

Over the course of seven days, the program featured leading experts in bioethics who delivered comprehensive sessions on a wide range of topics, including the history and importance of research ethics, responsible conduct of research, and ethical review processes by research ethics committees. Contemporary issues, such as the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medical research, were also critically examined. Participants further deepened their understanding of key international ethical standards, including the Declaration of Helsinki, the Belmont Report, and the CIOMS Guidelines.

Practical and context-specific ethical challenges were discussed extensively, covering issues such as informed consent, the involvement of vulnerable populations, data confidentiality and protection, biobank research ethics, and ethical considerations in social and health humanities research. The interactive discussions highlighted that ethics should not be viewed as a barrier to research, but rather as a foundation for producing knowledge that is responsible, just, and centered on humanity.

The course concluded with a post-test and collective reflection session. Beyond reinforcing ethical awareness at every stage of research, this series also contributed to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being) through the promotion of safe and ethical health research, and SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals) by fostering collaboration among academics, healthcare professionals, and research institutions nationwide.

With the completion of the HELP Course Batch 7 – Third Series, participants are expected to become agents of change, promoting ethical, responsible, and human-centered research practices in their respective institutions and professional environments.

Editor: Rafi

CBMH FK-KMK UGM Revives In-Person HELP Course to Strengthen Foundational Bioethics Education

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Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities (CBMH FK-KMK UGM) once again organized the HELP Course (Humanity–Ethics–Legal–Professionalism) Batch 6 in an offline (in-person) format, marking its return to face-to-face implementation since the COVID-19 pandemic. The three-day program was held from Wednesday, 8 March to Friday, 10 March, at Tara Hotel, Yogyakarta, and was attended by participants from various cities across Indonesia. As the organizing institution, CBMH FK-KMK UGM carried the theme “1st Series: The Basic Understanding of Bioethics.”

During the HELP Course 1st Series, participants took part in five core sessions, including Introduction to Bioethics, Humanity and Ethics, Ethics and Law, and Professionalism Aspects in Relation to Bioethics. These sessions provided participants with foundational knowledge and critical perspectives on the integration of ethical principles within healthcare practice and education.

In addition to the formal learning sessions, the course also featured an “Angkringan” discussion session with dr. Ahmad Hamim Sadewa, Ph.D., Vice Dean for Academic and Student Affairs of FK-KMK UGM. This informal yet insightful discussion addressed the topic “Code of Ethics for Teaching Hospitals: Is It Specifically Necessary?”, encouraging open dialogue and critical reflection among participants.

Through the implementation of this offline HELP Course, CBMH FK-KMK UGM reaffirmed its commitment to strengthening bioethics education and fostering meaningful engagement among healthcare professionals, educators, and policymakers in a collaborative learning environment.

Editor : Rafi

Highlighting Bioethics Education, CBMH FK-KMK UGM Conducts HELP Course Series 6 Course, HELP Course

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Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities (CBMH FK-KMK UGM) has successfully completed its regular HELP Course (Humanity–Ethics–Legal–Professionalism) Series 6, Batch 5, carrying the main theme “HELP Aspects in Medical Education.” The program was conducted over eight sessions, held from 30 August to 22 September 2022.

Delivered in a fully virtual format, the course was attended by participants from various backgrounds, including healthcare practitioners and professionals involved in medical education institutions. The diversity of participants enriched discussions and reflected the growing need for structured bioethics education across healthcare and academic settings.

As the organizing institution, CBMH FK-KMK UGM curated a range of essential topics in bioethics education. These included the fundamentals of teaching bioethics, strategies for bioethics instruction, assessment methods in bioethics education, development of teaching materials, and key ethical issues in higher education.

In addition to theoretical sessions, the course also featured two dedicated practical sessions, allowing participants to directly apply the knowledge and concepts they had acquired throughout the program.

Through the implementation of the HELP Course Series 6, CBMH FK-KMK UGM reaffirmed its commitment to strengthening capacity in bioethics education and supporting the development of educators and practitioners who are ethically grounded, professionally competent, and responsive to the evolving challenges of medical education.

Editor : Rafi

Is Childfree Ethically Justifiable? Raboan Discussion Forum by CBMH FK-KMK UGM Explores Childfree and Reproductive Choices

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Speaker’s presentation

The Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities (CBMH), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FK-KMK UGM), held its regular Raboan Discussion Forum online via Zoom on Wednesday, May 7, 2025. This session brought up the topic “Childfree Movement: Philosophical Justification and Proposed Resolution,” featuring Albert Adiputra, S.Si., M.Sc., an alumnus of the Master of Bioethics Program at UGM, as the main speaker. The discussion was moderated by Mahmasoni Masdar, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kep., who is also active in the field of nursing and bioethics.

The topic was chosen in response to the growing number of people considering the decision not to have children—a concept known as childfree. In his presentation, Albert explained that such a decision may be influenced by various factors, including personal, economic, and environmental considerations, as well as individual values. The discussion also explored the philosophical concept of antinatalism, which encourages deeper reflection on the ethical dimensions of bringing new life into the world.

Discussion session with participant

Another aspect highlighted in the forum was the strong influence of cultural and social norms in many societies, including Indonesia, which often emphasize the expectation to have children. Social and familial pressure can make choices like childfree difficult to accept. This is why forums like Raboan are essential, as they create space for open dialogue and mutual understanding.

From the perspective of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this topic is relevant to SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG 5 (Gender Equality). Reproductive choices, including the decision to remain childfree, can be viewed through the lens of reproductive health rights, gender equality in decision-making, and awareness of ecological impacts linked to population growth.

The forum did not aim to promote or reject any particular stance but rather to help participants understand the complexity behind reproductive choices. By presenting a range of perspectives, the discussion encouraged a respectful culture of dialogue and a deeper appreciation of diverse values and life decisions within an evolving society.

Reporter: Alvira Rahmasari, S.H.G.
Editor: Rafi Khairuna Wibisono, S.Kom.

[easy_youtube_gallery id=4irpAQjul_o cols=1 ar=16_9 thumbnail=0 title=top]RABOAN “Childfree Movement: Philosophical Justifications and Proposed Resolutions”[/easy_youtube_gallery]

Communication Challenges in Interprofessional Collaboration in the Healthcare Sector

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Wednesday, April 23, 2025 — Raboan Research and Perspective Sharing session was held with the theme “Communication Challenges in Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) in the Healthcare Sector.” The event featured dr. Nasrun, S.H., M.Sc, an alumnus of the Master’s Program in Bioethics at UGM and currently a lecturer at the Department of Bioethics, Faculty of Medicine, Unisa Palu. The session was moderated by Ika Setyasari, S.Kep.Ns., M.N.Sc from CBMH UGM. More than 50 participants attended the event, including students, clinicians, and academics from various backgrounds.

BIOETIKA HUMANIORA MEDICAL ETHICS

In his presentation, dr. Nasrun emphasized that the primary challenge in implementing IPC is cross-professional communication. IPC is crucial to support the shift from a paternalistic model of healthcare delivery toward a partnership model. It aims to improve the quality of care and optimize patient-centered care, positioning patients as the central focus in clinical decision-making.

Four main communication challenges in IPC include differences in meaning, professional ego, misaligned perceptions, and territorial boundaries between healthcare workers. Misunderstandings often arise, such as the use of the word “sorry,” which can be interpreted either as an admission of fault or, conversely, as an indication of incompetence. In emergency situations, these communication challenges become even more complex, requiring strategies like shared understanding and open interprofessional dialogue.

BIOETIKA HUMANIORA MEDICAL ETHICS

This topic aligns with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No. 3: Good Health and Well-being, which emphasizes the importance of a strong and responsive health system. It also relates to SDG No. 4: Quality Education, as effective IPC requires Interprofessional Education (IPE) to support the early development of collaborative competencies among healthcare professionals. Robust IPE programs will prepare health workers to communicate and collaborate effectively across professions.

[easy_youtube_gallery id=Wdge9LeTNYs cols=1 ar=16_9 thumbnail=0 title=top]RABOAN Discussion Forum 23 April 2025[/easy_youtube_gallery]

Reporter: Ika Setyasari, S.Kep.Ns., M.N.Sc

Editor: Rafi Khairuna Wibisono, S.Kom

 

Is Immunization Necessary for Infants?

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[easy_youtube_gallery id=gNEaz0gN_oA cols=1 ar=16_9 thumbnail=0 title=top]RABOAN Research and Perspective Sharing “Etika Imunisasi”[/easy_youtube_gallery]

Yogyakarta, April 16, 2025 – The Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities (CBMH), Universitas Gadjah Mada, once again held its weekly discussion forum, Raboan Sharing & Perspective Sharing, this time raising the theme “The Ethics of Immunization.” The online discussion, conducted via Zoom, featured Dr. dr. Fx. Wikan Indrarto, Sp.A – a pediatrician and lecturer – as the main speaker, moderated by Ns. Wahyu Dewi Sulistyarini, MSN.

BIOETIKA HUMANIORA MEDICAL ETHICS

In his presentation, dr. Wikan emphasized that immunization is one of the most important efforts to build immunity against diseases. However, its implementation raises various challenges from a biomedical ethics standpoint, including the principles of non-maleficence (do no harm), justice, autonomy, and beneficence.

BIOETIKA HUMANIORA MEDICAL ETHICS“As medical professionals, our duty is not only to provide medical benefits, but also to ensure that our actions are fair and respect the rights of patients,” said dr. Wikan.

He further discussed the issue of medical paternalism, where doctors may limit a patient’s autonomy for the patient’s or public’s benefit. dr. Wikan explained that such a paternalistic approach can be ethically justified under certain conditions, such as when there is a serious preventable risk, when patients are unable to make autonomous decisions, or when the action significantly benefits the patient. The discussion also touched on national immunization regulations, including Indonesia’s Ministry of Health Regulation No. 12 of 2017, and the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Fatwa No. 4 of 2016, which states that immunization is permissible (mubah) in Islam.

Wikan concluded by highlighting the importance of transparency in immunization practices. He reminded the audience that the success of the national immunization program requires the active involvement of doctors in providing thorough education and respecting parents rights to make informed and voluntary decisions.

“We need to ensure the success of the national immunization program, but we must also critically examine its implementation from an ethical perspective. Are we being wise enough?” he asserted.

This event served as a reminder that health is not solely a medical issue, but also one of values, rights, and moral choices in a pluralistic society. The topic of immunization ethics is closely related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3 on Good Health and Well-being, and SDG 4 on Quality Education. Through sound ethical education in medicine, healthcare professionals are expected to make wiser and fairer clinical decisions, including in immunization practices.

Reporter             : Ardhini Nugraheni, M.K.M.

Editor                  : Alvira Rahmasari, S.H.G.

 

Health Communication and Ethical Challenges: Building a Responsible Dialogue

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Yogyakarta, March 19, 2025 — The Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities (CBMH) at Universitas Gadjah Mada once again hosted its regular Raboan Sharing & Perspective Sharing session, a weekly discussion exploring various bioethics issues. This event, held online via Zoom, featured dr. Steffi Rifasa, M.H., a lecturer and Head of the Division of Bioethics and Law at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Pasundan, as the keynote speaker, with Nathan Agwin Khenda, Ftr., M.Bio.Et., serving as the moderator.

BIOETIKA HUMANIORA

On this occasion, Raboan explored the theme ‘Health Communication and Ethical Challenges: Building a Responsible Dialogue.’ The discussion emphasized the critical role of bioethics in health communication while examining various solutions for addressing medical ethical dilemmas that require effective communication between healthcare professionals and patients. The session began with an analysis of alleged malpractice cases involving medical personnel, illustrating how perspectives can differ between patients and healthcare institutions. Furthermore, it underscored that clear and transparent communication is essential in preventing misunderstandings between medical professionals and patients, which can significantly impact medical decision-making.

 

BIOETIKA HUMANIORA

Moderated by Nathan Agwin Khenda, the discussion was highly interactive, engaging participants from diverse backgrounds, including medical professionals, academics, and students. Various perspectives on bioethics and communication crises were explored in depth, particularly regarding the application of bioethical principles and the role of healthcare professionals in building patient trust through effective and responsible communication.

Steffi Rifasa, M.H., also highlighted the challenges in health communication, particularly in delivering bad news without diminishing patients’ hope. She emphasized the importance of using appropriate methods, such as the SPIKES approach (Setting, Perception, Invitation, Knowledge, Empathy, and Strategy), to ensure that difficult conversations are conducted ethically and responsibly. Additionally, she addressed the growing challenges in digital health communication, where the rise of telemedicine and the widespread use of social media as an information source—often lacking accuracy—necessitate a more proactive role for healthcare professionals in providing accurate health education.

These ethical and communication challenges are closely linked to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3: Good Health and Well-Being, which underscores the importance of effective health communication in ensuring quality healthcare and appropriate patient treatment. Furthermore, SDG 4: Quality Education highlights the need for healthcare professionals to receive proper training in ethical and empathetic communication to enhance patient interactions.

This Raboan discussion reaffirmed that effective communication in healthcare not only helps patients better understand their conditions but also strengthens the relationship between healthcare providers and patients. An ethical approach in health communication is essential, ensuring that information is conveyed in a way that fosters a deeper understanding for both patients and their families.

 

Reporter : Nadia Ulfah, Mafrida Nabilah Hanan

Editor : Alvira Rahmasari, S.H.G.

Examining the Phenomenon of Aesthetic Surgery: Medical, Ethical, and Religious Perspectives

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[easy_youtube_gallery id=NofrbT3C2R8 cols=1 ar=16_9 thumbnail=0 title=top]RABOAN Perspective Sharing – 12 March 2025[/easy_youtube_gallery]

Yogyakarta, March 12, 2025 – The Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities (CBMH) at Universitas Gadjah Mada held a RABOAN webinar featuring Dr. Prima Maharani Putri, M.H., C.Med. as the keynote speaker.

In her presentation, Dr. Prima discussed the growing trend of aesthetic surgery, which has gained increasing popularity in modern society. “Today, achieving a flawless appearance has become a priority in professional and social interactions. Many individuals choose plastic surgery to attain the beauty standards they aspire to,” she stated.

With the rapid advancement of information technology, the promotion of aesthetic surgery on social media has become more widespread, showcasing stunning physical transformations and shaping public perceptions of beauty. However, beyond its rising popularity, various bioethical considerations and religious perspectives must also be taken into account.raboan bioetika 12 maret 2025

The webinar also explored different religious viewpoints on aesthetic surgery. In Islam, such procedures are permitted if they serve a rehabilitative purpose and provide medical benefits, but they are deemed forbidden if performed solely for beautification. Buddhism considers plastic surgery a positive action when done for health reasons but discourages it if pursued merely for aesthetic purposes. Meanwhile, in Protestant and Catholic Christianity, plastic surgery is acceptable for medical needs, such as reconstructive procedures due to congenital disabilities or injuries. In contrast, Hinduism generally discourages altering one’s physical form through plastic surgery.

Dr. Prima emphasized the importance of applying bioethical principles in aesthetic surgery practices. “Patients have the right to decide whether to undergo plastic surgery as long as it is not intended to deceive or harm themselves or others. Doctors must provide informed consent and consider ethical aspects, especially for patients who lack medical indications,” she explained.

The discussion in this webinar also aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities). By examining aesthetic surgery through the lens of bioethics, religion, and mental health, this event aimed to raise public awareness of the social impact of beauty standards shaped by social media. Additionally, the webinar served as an educational platform for medical professionals and the public to better understand the importance of ethical healthcare services, ensuring that all medical procedures, including plastic surgery, provide genuine benefits to patients with clear medical indications.

The event concluded with the key message that medical professionals play a crucial role in educating the public and upholding ethical standards in aesthetic surgery. “Upholding ethics and moral values can encourage people to accept themselves as they are. Plastic surgery is not the ultimate measure of physical perfection,” Dr. Prima concluded.

Reporter : Ardhini Nugrahaeni, M.K.M.
Editor : Rafi Khairuna Wibisono, S.Kom